A large body of research has established that resveratrol has multiple beneficial health effects. As well as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cardio-protective reducing the risk of heart disease effects, resveratrol has also been shown to have anti-cancer properties. Laboratory and animal research has shown that resveratrol can act against cancer cells by activating or deactivating molecular pathways. It can help prevent the formation of potential carcinogens substances that cause cancer , block the action of carcinogens on their target organs or tissue, and act on cells to suppress cancer development or induce apoptosis programmed cell death.
Laboratory studies have shown that resveratrol, and some other natural products, may be effective chemosensitisers — drugs that can be used to make chemotherapy more effective.
By increasing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, resveratrol may reduce side effects of chemotherapy such as anorexia, fatigue, depression, neuropathic pain and cognitive impairment. It also inhibits CYP enzymes 22 23 and may increase the risk of adverse effects of certain drugs.
Given its phytoestrogenic properties and potential for interactions, use of this supplement should be discussed with the treating physician. Resveratrol acts as an antioxidant and inhibits LDL oxidation 21 , platelet aggregation, and eicosanoid synthesis 4. It also induces nitric oxide production 24 25 and increases arterial blood flow 8. These actions may contribute to its purported cardiovascular health benefits.
Resveratrol acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity It has been shown to decrease C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor, and increase anti-inflammatory IL and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in humans 5. Decreases in oxidative stress and improved insulin sensitivity may occur via increased protein kinase activities Resveratrol also decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and IGF-binding protein-3 levels 27 which may account for its antidiabetic effects observed in some studies.
Preliminary data suggest that it increases the life span of yeast cells by activating sirtuins 1 2 , and inhibiting human Sirt3 along with stimulating Sirt5 and Sirt1 Resveratrol has also been investigated for its anticancer potential. It inhibited cancer cell proliferation via apoptosis and antiestrogenic effects 14 15 16 Trans-resveratrol appears to decrease methylation of the tumor suppressor gene RASSF-1alpha in women at increased of risk breast cancer Reductions in breast cancer cell migration and invasion have been observed 30 31 , and resveratrol growth factor heregulin-beta1 mediated MMP9 expression However, contradictory data show that resveratrol mimics phytoestrogens and could activate genes that are normally regulated by estrogens or androgens 18 In other studies resveratrol helped reduce prostate tumorigenesis through reduced prostatic levels of mTOR complex 1 activity and increased expression of SIRT1 It modulates steroid hormone-dependent pathways to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth; however it also increases angiogenesis and inhibits apoptosis in vivo Additional findings show that resveratrol downregulates p21 and upregulates cyclin E leading to S-phase accumulation and apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells It also inhibits CYP1A1, 1A2, and 1B1 enzymes in tumor cells, perhaps exerting antitumor effects as some of these enzymes are known to be involved in the activation of procarcinogens and toxins 22 Protective effects of resveratrol against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity are due to upregulation of SIRT1-mediated p53 deacetylation Also, it protects against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing oxidative stress Mild to moderate gastrointestinal symptoms and diarrhea at high doses 2.
Case report Contact dermatitis: Caused by resveratrol as an ingredient in a cosmetic cream Developing Your Personal Care Plan. Integrative Medicine at Home Membership Program.
About Mind-Body Therapies. How It Works. Purported Uses. To prevent or treat heart disease There is limited scientific evidence to support this use.
In addition, a meta-analysis did not find benefit and some data suggest too much resveratrol may increase markers for cardiovascular disease risk. More studies are needed. To treat arthritis A few studies suggest resveratrol may help as an add-on to some medications, but more studies are needed. To prevent or treat diabetes Studies on resveratrol for diabetic patients are mixed and a systematic review determined that current evidence is lacking.
Other studies in obese or overweight patients are either inconclusive or have not shown benefit. For cancer prevention or as add-on treatment Lab experiments suggest resveratrol may prevent the growth of cancer cells, but some studies used very high doses, which in one human study caused serious adverse events.
Other studies in humans were too small to draw any conclusions. In addition, resveratrol has hormone-like properties that may stimulate some types of cancer cells. To reduce radiation side effects Although a few lab experiments suggest utility, no human studies have been conducted. Patient Warnings. Do Not Take If. You have a hormone-sensitive cancer: Resveratrol has hormone-like properties that may stimulate some types of cancer cells.
You are taking antiplatelet drugs: In lab studies, resveratrol also has blood-thinning properties, so bleeding risk may increase when used along with blood-thinning drugs. Therefore, use of this supplement should be avoided or discussed with the treating physician. You are taking CYP substrate drugs: Resveratrol may increase the risk of side effects of some drugs and make others less effective.
You are taking carbamazepine: An herbal supplement rich in resveratrol was found to increase blood levels of this antiepileptic drug in mice. Side Effects.
Mild to moderate gastrointestinal symptoms and diarrhea at high doses. For Healthcare Professionals. Scientific Name. Clinical Summary. Food Sources. Grape skins and seeds Peanuts, pistachios Mulberries, blueberries, cranberries Polygonum cuspidatum or Japanese knotweed.
Mechanism of Action. Adverse Reactions. Herb-Drug Interactions. Antiplatelets: Although clinical relevance is yet to be determined, resveratrol inhibits platelet aggregation in vitro, so concurrent use with antiplatelet drugs may increase bleeding risk 70 Therefore, use of this supplement should be discussed with the treating physician. Therefore, it can affect the levels of drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes Carbamazepine: In a murine model, Polygonum cuspidatum , an herbal supplement rich in resveratrol, increased carbamazepine blood levels due to CYP3A inhibition and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 Clinical relevance has yet to be determined.
Hall SS. Longevity research. In vino vitalis? Compounds activate life-extending genes. Aug 29 ; Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan. Sep 11 ; Comparative study of radical scavenger and antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds from Vitis vinifera cell cultures using in vitro tests. Life Sci. The red wine phenolics trans-resveratrol and quercetin block human platelet aggregation and eicosanoid synthesis: implications for protection against coronary heart disease.
Clin Chim Acta. Mar 31 ; 2 One-year consumption of a grape nutraceutical containing resveratrol improves the inflammatory and fibrinolytic status of patients in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. Aug 1 ; 3 High urinary levels of resveratrol metabolites are associated with a reduction in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in high-risk patients.
Pharmacol Res. Jun ;65 6 Effects of resveratrol on cerebral blood flow variables and cognitive performance in humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation.
Am J Clin Nutr. Jun ;91 6 Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. Nov ;21 11 Cardioprotection by resveratrol: A human clinical trial in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. Resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity, reduces oxidative stress and activates the Akt pathway in type 2 diabetic patients. Br J Nutr. Aug ; 3 Pilot study of resveratrol in older adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Dec ;67 12 Calorie restriction-like effects of 30 days of resveratrol supplementation on energy metabolism and metabolic profile in obese humans.
Cell Metab. Nov 2 ;14 5 High-dose resveratrol supplementation in obese men: An investigator-initiated, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of substrate metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and body composition. Resveratrol-induced cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma cells and antitumor effects on neuroblastoma in mice.
Jul ; 1 Modulating effect of resveratrol and quercetin on oral cancer cell growth and proliferation. Anticancer Drugs. We want you to take advantage of everything Cancer Therapy Advisor has to offer. To view unlimited content, log in or register for free. Register now at no charge to access unlimited clinical news, full-length features, case studies, conference coverage, and more. Continue Reading.
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