It will also indicate if the blockage is distal, at the end of the fallopian tube, or proximal, located at the junction of the tube and the uterus. A partially blocked tube could cause an ectopic pregnancy. Your doctor will recommend that the HSG is done during the first half of your cycle, between days 1 and HSG should never be performed on a pregnant woman as the procedure and x-ray exposure can lead to serious complications or miscarriage.
After inserting a speculum, your doctor will clean the cervix and insert a thin tube called a cannula. The uterus will then be filled with a liquid containing iodine before the speculum is removed so that your doctor can take x-ray images. The dye will contrast with the uterus and fallopian tubes, showing an outline and how the fluid moves through them. How long does it take to do an HSG?
The actual procedure only lasts about five minutes and you may be administered pain medication as well as an antibiotic to reduce the risk of infection. Afterward, a radiologist will review the x-ray images and send a full report to your doctor.
Some women report light spotting after the procedure; minor cramps, stomach discomfort, and dizziness are also common. Other more serious side effects to watch for include:. Contact your doctor right away if you experience any of these issues.
HSG is considered a very safe procedure, but it is possible to develop a pelvic infection, injury to the uterus, and even an allergic reaction to the dye in the fluid. Embolization or blockage can also occur if oil-based materials are used. If it shows tubal blockage, your doctor will likely perform a laparoscopy. If your tubes are blocked, your doctor will likely recommend either a surgical procedure to directly view the tubes laparoscopy or to bypass the tubes and perform in vitro fertilization IVF.
This is a complex decision that should be discussed with your doctor. For more information, please see the ASRM booklet Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy and fact sheet What do I need to know about conceiving after tubal surgery? Laparoscopy can also determine if tubes are open, using a procedure called chromopertubation. An alternative procedure to evaluate tubal patency is a sonohysterosalpingogram SHG. For SHG, a catheter narrow tube is placed in the uterus through the vagina and saline and air are injected.
In women who have open fallopian tubes, tiny air bubbles may be seen going through the fallopian tubes during the ultrasound. However, this procedure is inferior to HSG for assessment of tubal patency. Hysterosalpingogram HSG -pdf. Hysterosalpingogram HSG. It can determine if your fallopian tubes are open and if there are fibroids or polyps in the cavity of you uterus which might interfere with implantation of an embryo. It can also identify an abnormally shaped uterus which might increase the incidence of pregnancy loss.
So the really great thing is that an HSG can be therapeutic in addition to being diagnostic. The test can be painful. Our practice is to offer pain medication for patients. I would encourage you to take it because it is hard to know ahead of time which person will need pain medication. Afterwards you may be crampy for the day, but the stronger pain actually lasts for about one minute or less during the procedure.
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